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PETROLE/L'Opep défend les 100 USD le baril, mais le marché doute

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  • PETROLE/L'Opep défend les 100 USD le baril, mais le marché doute

    Vienne (AWP/AFX) - Face à un pétrole tombé sous 100 dollars, l'Organisation des pays exportateurs de pétrole (Opep) a décidé de resserrer son offre pétrolière pour protéger ses revenus malgré la crise économique dans les pays consommateurs.

    "Il semble bien que l'Opep veuille défendre le seuil de 100 dollars", a constaté Mike Wittner, analyste de la Société générale.

    Les prix du brut ont chuté de 30% depuis leur record de 147,50 dollars le baril, le 11 juillet, et sont passés sous la barre symbolique des 100 dollars pendant la réunion du cartel dans la nuit de mardi à mercredi.

    "Le marché chutait brutalement et j'espère qu'il va se détendre maintenant", a déclaré le secrétaire général de l'Opep Abdallah el-Badri mercredi lors d'une conférence de presse.

    L'Opep a choisi de maintenir ses quotas officiels de production, qui s'élèvent à 28,8 millions de barils par jour en excluant l'Indonésie, qui quitte le cartel.

    Toutefois, les membres du cartel se sont engagés à respecter leurs quotas: alors que jusqu'à présent le cartel, et notamment son chef de file, l'Arabie saoudite, pompe largement au-delà de ses objectifs officiels, cela équivaut à une baisse de production de 520'000 barils par jour, a affirmé le président de l'Opep, l'Algérien Chakib Khelil.

    Cette décision a "surpris le marché, qui s'attendait à un maintien de l'offre de l'Opep à son niveau actuel", remarque Mike Wittner.

    L'influent ministre saoudien du Pétrole, Ali al-Nouaïmi, avait laissé entendre en arrivant à Vienne mardi que son pays n'avait pas l'intention de réduire son offre, affirmant même que son pays avait "beaucoup travaillé" pour faire retomber les prix de leurs niveaux records de juillet.

    Ryad a en effet décidé unilatéralement de doper sa production de 500'000 barils par jour en juin. Elle était évaluée pour août à 9,45 millions de barils par jour (mbj) par l'Agence de l'Energie (AIE), contre un quota de 8,94 mbj.

    La décision de l'Opep ressemble donc à une victoire des "faucons" de l'Opep, l'Iran et le Venezuela, qui avaient demandé une élimination de l'excédent de production du cartel et un retour à la stricte observance des quotas.

    Plusieurs autres pays, comme l'Algérie et la Libye, s'étaient joints à eux. Ces pays "ne peuvent se permettre d'avoir des prix du pétrole sous 100 dollars pour des raisons budgétaires et de politique intérieure", estime un analyste qui souhaite rester anonyme. Un avis partagé par David Kirsch, analyste du cabinet PFC Energy.

    A l'inverse, les riches monarchies du Golfe peuvent se contenter d'un prix beaucoup plus bas: "Je ne pense pas que les pays du Golfe vont faire face à une crise budgétaire avec un baril à 70 dollars", remarque David Kirsch.

    Les monarchies du Golfe veulent aussi éviter de mettre les économies occidentales, leurs principaux clients, sous pression au moment où ces dernières sont au bord de la récession.

    Mais les "durs" du cartel craignent de voir les prix chuter si un surplus pétrolier se forme à l'heure où l'activité économique mondiale flanche.

    Ils veulent éviter une répétition du scénario catastrophe de 19976-98, quand le baril était tombé jusqu'à 10 dollars dans la foulée de la crise financière asiatique.

    Echaudée, l'Opep avait ainsi réduit son offre après les attentats du 11 septembre 2001.

    Pour Bill Farren-Pricen, de Medley Global Advisors, Ryad n'a toutefois pas forcément perdu la partie face aux "faucons": "Il est peu probable que les Saoudiens privent leurs clients de pétrole" au moment où ces derniers sont fragilisés.

    D'après lui, ils ne vont pas changer leur politique qui consiste à répondre exactement à la demande et se contenteront plutôt d'ajuster à la baisse discrètement leur production si besoin. Le mois dernier, ils ont ainsi retiré 100'000 barils par jour, constate l'AIE.

    Même les opérateurs de marché restent prudents: "On ne verra probablement pas de rebond des cours jusqu'à ce que la baisse de production annoncée se matérialise par un recul des stocks, pas avant quatre semaines", estime Mark Wittner.

    afx/ds

    (AWP/10 septembre 2008 18h48)
    The truth is incontrovertible, malice may attack it, ignorance may deride it, but in the end; there it is.” Winston Churchill

  • #2
    L'OPEP vient de se fire griller sur son argument principal : c'est la demande chinoise et l'inde qui poussent les prix vers le haut et non la speculation... Or... il est clair aujourd'hui qu'il n'y pas vraiment de probleme cote production vu que c'est l'OPEP qui decide d'augmenter et de baisser la production pour jouer sur les prix, ni plus ni moins... A suivre...

    Commentaire


    • #3
      Ils ont toujours dit qu'il y avait 30 à 40 dollars de spéculation sur chaque baril.

      Avec les incertitudes qui s'annoncent et si McCain est élu, le prix va vite remonter et peut-être dépasser les 150$. L'hiver aussi contribue à la hausse du baril. Ca risque d'être chaud cet hiver.
      La mauvaise langue n'est jamais à court d'inventions !

      Commentaire


      • #4
        On se dirige vers les 70 dollars le baril .

        Commentaire


        • #5
          meme si cela s averait vrai
          pour combien de temps
          The truth is incontrovertible, malice may attack it, ignorance may deride it, but in the end; there it is.” Winston Churchill

          Commentaire


          • #6
            Ils ont toujours dit qu'il y avait 30 à 40 dollars de spéculation sur chaque baril.

            Avec les incertitudes qui s'annoncent et si McCain est élu, le prix va vite remonter et peut-être dépasser les 150$. L'hiver aussi contribue à la hausse du baril. Ca risque d'être chaud cet hiver.
            Ok, bah ils vont rajouter leur 30 a 40 dollars a et s'arreter la.

            Flash News : que ce soit Mc Cain ou Obama, ils ont pour mission numero 1 de fair descendre les prix, l'un pense qu'il y arrivera en pompant plus pour attenuer les importations US de petrole et l'autre en inaugurant de nouvelles sillicon valley de l'Energy Technology (E.T.)
            Dernière modification par ayoub7, 10 septembre 2008, 22h22.

            Commentaire


            • #7
              a mediter ayoub

              A 76 ans, Charles Maxwell n'est pas un néophyte. Il est dans l'énergie depuis 1957, date de son entrée chez Mobil Oil. Il y a quatre ans, il prévoyait correctement la forte hausse des prix de l'énergie, même si son objectif était trop bas, 60 dollars. Aujourd'hui, dans une interview au magazine Barron's, il anticipe un pic de 300 dollars à long terme. Sur la base des fondamentaux actuels, le prix devrait osciller entre 75 et 115 dollars. Mais en 2010 la majorité des pays hors OPEP aura dépassé le pic de production pétrolière. La dépendance à l'égard de l'OPEP sera extrême. Il y a des alternatives, mais les contraintes sont énormes, à commencer par le charbon (environnement) ou le nucléaire (politique). De nouvelles sociétés et technologies vont apparaître et créer de vastes opportunités d'investissements. Mais ce sera aussi une formidable expérience sociale, car les habitudes des consommateurs vont bien changer.
              The truth is incontrovertible, malice may attack it, ignorance may deride it, but in the end; there it is.” Winston Churchill

              Commentaire


              • #8
                il est normal que le prix du brut dégringole, maintenant que les jeux olympiques de pekin sont terminé que la voracité temporaire de l'économie chinoise s'est ternie, faut attendre le rot chinois pour y voir plus clair.

                L'OPEP prend les devants sinon ils vont payer l'extraction et le transport trop chers pour un pétrole non rentable.

                Commentaire


                • #9
                  A 76 ans, Charles Maxwell n'est pas un néophyte.
                  Solas
                  ..................................

                  A cet age là on est plutôt sénile accumulant Alzeimer et autres divagations comme croire qu'un baril à 300 dollars ne va pas changer les choses au détriment des pays producteurs

                  Commentaire


                  • #10
                    Mc Cain : 72 ans !!

                    Quels C**s ces républicains de vouloir mettre à la tête des USA, premiere puissance mondiale UN .............
                    .............sénile accumulant Alzeimer et autres divagations

                    Commentaire


                    • #11
                      analyse du senile(optimiste)

                      Weeden & Co. LP
                      Equity Research

                      Supply and Demand for Oil to Stay
                      Close in 2009 and 2010

                      But Then…

                      The most daunting side of an oil analyst’s professional life is the
                      need to keep predicting future oil prices. More tears and blood
                      have been spilled in this endeavor than any other that analysts
                      have attempted to do. How to go about it? On the basis of what
                      historical data? We have never been at these price levels before
                      the last six months. How do the elasticities work in these, the
                      higher pricing altitudes? In the end, it comes down to a guess.
                      However, at least it is rooted in a history of such guesses, and on
                      being right often enough to keep a job. So, with these thoughts in
                      mind, here is how I see today’s confused oil pricing situation.

                      The pricing updraft that took us from $97 per WTI barrel in
                      early 2008 to $145 per WTI barrel at half year 2008 (July 3) is
                      over…defeated…stomped on. As speculators piled in during the
                      first half of the year, they are pulling out this late summer and
                      fall. The causes of this retreat from $145 per WTI barrel are
                      legion but I find the most convincing fundamental ones to be:


                      The effect on demand of the gathering U.S. recession
                      (and this may well turn out to be exported to many other
                      regions of the world).

                      The new record level of oil prices, thus limiting demand.

                      The fortuitous appearance of additional sweet, highgravity
                      Saudi crude from Khursaniya (700,000 b/d total,
                      with small contributions from Shaybah and Nuayyim) in
                      late 2008 through 2009 and Khurais (1.2 million b/d)
                      from late 2009 through 2010. These new volumes are
                      well behind their original time expectations (2006 and
                      2007), but are gladly received in these perilous
                      supply/demand periods.

                      The price spill of U.S. natural gas from $13 in July down
                      to $7 in September owing to a change in perception about
                      growing volumes of shale and tight sands-based natural
                      Research Disclosures and Investment Recommendations Pages 3-4
                      Page 1 of 4



                      gas creating possible future surpluses.


                      Renewed strength of the dollar after an extended period
                      of weakness.
                      The above selected causes of the recent drop in WTI prices from $145 to $109 per barrel are not
                      permanent but should continue working effectively in the short and middle term (1 ½ to 2 years) to keep
                      supply and demand in rough balance and therefore hold prices well below their recent highs. Where would
                      this be? I would suggest a trading range between $75 and $115 per WTI barrel, with a midpoint at $95 per
                      barrel. I would guess that the boundaries of this range could encompass some 80% of the oil volumes
                      transacted on the futures markets in the next 1 ½ to 2-year time frame.

                      Why limit the downside to $75? Because at any price below $80, I assume that OPEC would fear a further
                      descent and would cut production again to swing prices back up into the $80s and $90s. Why limit the
                      upside to $115? I believe that the Saudis and their Gulf pricing allies would feel this number to be too
                      high in economic terms and they might allow an increase in oil shipments to bring it down.

                      Also, I hold that prices much above $100 per barrel are likely to call forth additional political and
                      consumer pressures, and result in action by governments and users alike to limit demand.

                      However, a balance of supply with demand is difficult to maintain over time. In 2011, new supplies of
                      light, sweet crude coming in reasonable incremental quantities from Saudi Arabia virtually stop, according
                      to that country’s announced plans. Manifa, the last great field to be developed on the Saudi side of the
                      Gulf will be on-stream in 2011-2012. It is expected to offer incremental volumes of oil, building up to
                      800,000 b/d. However, this is a low-gravity, high-sulfur grade of crude that may not readily find buyers.
                      Most of the 800,000 b/d capacity gain may not be used at first because the world refining system can’t
                      find a home for these additional quantities of oil that can pock the insides of pipes and vessels owing to
                      relatively high acid content. (Newly built refineries coming on-stream around the world in the next 6-7
                      years will be able to handle increasing Manifa volumes under regular conditions, but they will not be
                      ready to do this in 2011.)
                      The truth is incontrovertible, malice may attack it, ignorance may deride it, but in the end; there it is.” Winston Churchill

                      Commentaire


                      • #12
                        Also, the U.S. recession may be over by 2011. World consumers may be accommodating themselves to
                        $100 crude by changing their consumption habits, and also their homes, cars, boats and clothes, thus using
                        less oil. Few can guess what trend the dollar will be following. So, the stage could be set for a further
                        advance in oil prices as demand continues slowly upward for petroleum products, while crude production
                        itself is almost flat. Such a situation of imbalance cannot persist for long. Demand, in this case, has to be
                        cut back to the flat availability of supply. Only higher prices can do this. However, it is a process that is
                        exceptionally hard on people living at the margin of the economy in many places around the world.

                        So, by 2011 or 2012, I would expect the old WTI price high of $145 per barrel to be breached by renewed
                        tightness in oil markets. By 2013, we might see the oil price running up and through the $200 per barrel
                        level. My calculations indicate that the peak of conventional oil output in the world will likely occur
                        around 2013, and this could occasion wider public understanding of the principles of Hubbert’s Peak, and
                        explain why we are enduring its effects. By 2015, all liquids (including tar sands, shales, and liquids
                        derived from natural gas and coal) are projected to peak in output. A temporary plateau of two or three



                        years could follow, but the succeeding downward production volume move carries historical inevitability.
                        That is when (2015) I believe we could see $300 for a barrel of oil (WTI), though in currency of today we
                        might adjust this to perhaps $250 per barrel.

                        What is the message here? We are in a temporary resting place and “time out” on oil pricing, but, in
                        another two years, we will likely be lifting the price upwards again. We haven’t “solved” the energy crisis
                        and it won’t solve itself, as did the last few major rises. A huge effort by us still lies ahead.

                        Private individuals and institutions still have the useful option of investing in long-life oil and gas reserve
                        companies. They should be cautious about immediate buying, as oil and gas prices are still settling down,
                        but they should be ready to do this over the next 1 ½ -2 years of our “time out” before the oil pricing
                        mechanism begins its harsh work.


                        Recommendations Defined:

                        Charles T. Maxwell Recommendations are defined as follows:

                        · Buy: Risk adjusted, twelve month total return estimated to be above 15%
                        · Hold: Risk adjusted, twelve month total return estimated between -15% and 15%.
                        · Sell: Risk adjusted, twelve month total return estimated to be below -15%
                        · Trading Buy: 1 month total return estimated to be above 10%
                        · Trading Sell: 1 month total return estimated to be below -10%.
                        Our ratings take into account our assessment of risk, including
                        · Financial factors, such as leverage, financial flexibility, and access to capital;
                        Page 3 of 4



                        Fundamental factors, such as management, operating activities (development, acquisitions), property type,
                        geography and disclosure; and

                        Technical factors, such as market capitalization, liquidity and volatility.
                        Charles T. Maxwell and Weeden & Co., LP recognizes that investors employ a range of investment styles, and we endeavor to
                        have recommendations balanced across our ratings categories. I, Charles Maxwell, hereby certify that the views expressed in
                        this research report accurately reflect my personal views about the subject securities and issuers. I also certify that no part of my
                        compensation was, is, or will be, directly or indirectly, related to the specific recommendations or view expressed in this
                        research report. This report is for information purposes only and is based on information believed to be reliable, but no
                        representation is made that it is accurate or complete, and no information should be relied upon as such. Opinions and
                        projections found in this report reflect our opinion as of the report date and are subject to change without notice. This report is
                        neither intended nor should be considered as an offer to sell, or solicitation or basis for any contract, for the purchase of, any
                        security, loan or other financial product, you are advised to consult with your broker or other financial advisor or their
                        professionals as appropriate to verify pricing and other information. Neither Weeden & Co., LP, their affiliates and their
                        directors, officers and associates shall have any liability for investment decisions based upon, or the results obtained from, the
                        information provided herein. Neither Weeden & Co., LP, their affiliates and their directors, officers and associates guarantee or
                        warrant the timeliness, accuracy, or completeness of any such information. Nothing contained herein is intended to be, nor shall
                        it be construed as, investment advice. Past performance of securities, loans or other financial instruments is not indicative of
                        future performance.

                        Our target prices are based on projected future operating profitability generated by these companies during the next 2-3 years,
                        assuming historically-achieved valuation multiples are again achieved in the future. If the oilfield operating environment does
                        not improve sufficiently to enable our profitability forecast to be achieved, or if future valuation multiples do not reach the
                        levels they have reached in the past, then the stocks may not reach our target prices. Fundamental risks to the operating
                        environment include, but are not limited to, the willingness of hydrocarbon producers to increase oilfield expenditures, the
                        actual and perceived future levels of oil and gas prices, OPEC actions, domestic and international economic growth, and
                        domestic and international politics.

                        Charles T. Maxwell and/or Weeden & Co., LP does not engage in any investment banking activities. Charles Maxwell, Senior
                        Energy Analyst at Weeden & Co., LP, is a member of the board of directors of Chesapeake Energy Corporation.

                        Weeden & Co., LP may from time to time hold long or short positions in any of these companies. The author of this report does
                        not own the subject companies referenced in this report.

                        For rating and price target history for any or all of the subject companies covered by Charles T. Maxwell, please contact
                        [email protected], or [email protected], or call 203-861-9863.

                        © Copyright 2008 by Charles T. Maxwell and Weeden & Co., LP. This report may not be circulated or reproduced without the
                        prior written permission of Weeden & Co., LP. Member NASD, Nasdaq and SIPC.
                        The truth is incontrovertible, malice may attack it, ignorance may deride it, but in the end; there it is.” Winston Churchill

                        Commentaire


                        • #13
                          A cet age là on est plutôt sénile accumulant Alzeimer et autres divagations
                          Vous en avez pas marre de dénigrer la personne quand vous êtes à cours d'arguments. Taisez-vous, c'est mieux !
                          La mauvaise langue n'est jamais à court d'inventions !

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