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  • Le pire du pire - à propos de la visite de M6 aux USA

    'The Worst of the Worst'

    BY JAMES TRAUB
    Foreign Policy

    A U.S. ally is treating a would-be nation as a prison camp -- and we're doing nothing about it

    King Mohammed VI of Morocco, descendant of the Prophet, Commander of the Faithful, arrived in Washington this week for his first meeting with President Barack Obama. One does not lightly perturb such a personage -- and there is no reason to think that President Obama will do so. Morocco is one of the most steadfast allies the United States has in the Middle East, as well as a silent partner of Israel. The Moroccans feel under-appreciated; the president is eager to show that he cares about his friends, not just about bad actors like Iran. This will be a comity-fest.

    But there will be a ghost at the banquet -- the very famished and battered ghost that is Western Sahara. Morocco claims this barren wedge of desert, from which Spain, the long-time colonial master, withdrew in 1975. A civil war between Morocco and the Polisario Front, which represented the Sahrawi people, ended in 1991 when the United Nations brokered an agreement by which the people of the region would be permitted to choose either independence or autonomy. That referendum has never been held, and Morocco intends never to hold it. What's more, Moroccan security officers beat up the Sahrawis whenever they have the temerity to demand their rights. And the Obama administration doesn't know what to do about it.
    What is confounding about Western Sahara is not the question of where justice lies. The Security Council endorsed the referendum plan and established a mission, called Minurso, in order to put it into effect. Morocco stalled for years, and in 2003, James Baker, the U.N. secretary-general's special envoy, came up with yet another plan which gave the Moroccans a much better chance of winning the referendum. The Security Council endorsed that plan as well, but Morocco flatly refused to stage a vote for independence, even one it might win.
    This rank colonial injustice by a former victim of colonialism is reminiscent of Indonesia's repression of East Timor, save that in 1999 the Indonesians allowed a referendum on independence to go forward -- and then unleashed its thugs when it became clear the vote was going the wrong way. There is every reason to believe that Morocco would commit similar atrocities rather than surrender the region. But it's not about to make the Indonesian mistake. King Mohammed and his father before him, Hassan II, have always treated Western Sahara as a matter of national integrity. When I was in Morocco in 2012, I could barely find anyone, including harsh critics of the regime, who believed that the Sahrawis had been deprived of their rights, much less their independence. The king is thus free to do as he wishes. Both the United States and France have consistently supported Casablanca even while paying lip service to the U.N. process.
    Thanks to Moroccan intransigence, the debate has shifted over time. In 2007, the Security Council called on the two sides to reach a solution through negotiation. A dozen meetings since then have produced nothing; both parties simply re-state their position, at which point one of them often walks out. This, in turn, has produced a further shift: The Polisario Front, despairing of progress, has tried to call world attention to Morocco's brutal treatment of the Sahrawis. Demonstrations are suppressed with brutal force; Moroccan and Sahrawi journalists know that they risk prison if they even raise the issue of independence. Freedom House has called the human rights situation in Western Sahara "the worst of the worst."
    And this is where the Obama administration enters the story. The Polisario Front and its many supporters, both among African states and humanitarian organizations, have sought in recent years to add human rights monitoring to Minurso's mandate. This past April they persuaded Susan Rice, then U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, to do just that. Morocco responded as if it had been stabbed in the back. First a joint military exercise with the United States was abruptly cancelled. Then the king called Obama to bitterly complain of meddling in his country's affairs. Obama overruled his envoy, and Minurso's mandate was renewed without a human rights component. And yet Morocco had been put on notice that the United States would no longer blithely accept its contempt for the rights of the Sahrawis. Or had it?


    à suivre ...
    وإن هذه أمتكم أمة واحدة

  • #2
    Suite...

    Rice is now national security advisor, but there is no sign that the United States is prepared even to ruffle Morocco's feathers. Nicole Bibbins Sedaca, a lobbyist for Independent Diplomat, a non-profit that provides diplomatic guidance to the Polisario Front, among others, says that what the Obama administration learned from the incident this past April was, "We need Morocco more than they need us. We need them to be happy and on board." Sedaca says that human rights will not be part of the president's discussion with King Mohammed. That may not be technically correct; I got the impression from a conversation with an administration official that Obama may urge the king to strengthen the "capacity" of his own human rights bodies, which is the kind of painless request one makes of autocratic allies.
    There are several reasons for this strategic reticence: Morocco is a tranquil place at a time when the Arab world is having a nervous breakdown; Morocco has not offered so much as a foothold to al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM), which has spread across North Africa. The Obama administration, intent on building a transnational response to the transnational threat of terrorism, certainly needs Morocco more than it used to, if not more than Morocco needs the United States. A letter from nine former U.S. ambassadors to Morocco put the matter bluntly, asserting that the United States should openly side with Casablanca's "common sense" solution on Western Sahara "so that the international community can move on to more urgently needed solutions to the more pressing problems in the region." The letter doesn't even mention the Sahrawis. Why should it? They don't matter.
    And yet there is a serious argument that, as a matter of national self-interest, Morocco needs to stop treating Western Sahara as a prison camp: Autonomy can not be a lasting solution unless it is attractive. Otherwise, Morocco will have a sullen populace, and perhaps at least a low-grade rebellion, on its hands for the foreseeable future. Attractive autonomy might even work. William Lawrence, a North African expert at George Washington University, says that Sahrawi civil society does not march in lockstep under the Polisario banner. "The bigger agenda is not independence or not, it's good governance or not, it's human rights or not, it's social and economic and political progress or not."
    No one knows for sure if that's true, since even talking about independence is a crime. What is clear though, is that, on the one hand, the king won't permit a vote on independence, and, on the other, rubbing people's nose in the hopelessness of their own situation is an excellent way of encouraging rebellion. And with AQIM wandering around the Sahara, rebellions can be a lot more dangerous than they used to be. Ergo, Morocco needs to find a policy in between letting Western Sahara vote for independence -- even though it should -- and cracking skulls.
    The Sahrawis want the same thing that publics want all over the Arab world -- personal dignity, economic opportunity, accountable government. The turmoil that now wracks the Middle East is not going to subside unless and until states figure out how to furnish those fundamental human goods. Morocco is no exception, even if the widespread reverence for the king protects him from public anger. The White House needs to find a way to signal its support for this staunch friend while insisting -- privately, and at times publicly -- that Morocco extend fundamental rights to everyone whom it claims as a citizen.

    FP
    وإن هذه أمتكم أمة واحدة

    Commentaire


    • #3
      'The Worst of the Worst'


      pour qui?
      les vendus, les acheteurs, les vendeurs ou les otages de tindouf?

      Dernière modification par Ichweiter, 04 décembre 2013, 03h07.

      Commentaire


      • #4
        Ceci concerne les marocains du makhzen
        Je peux traduire si vous le voulez

        This rank colonial injustice by a former victim of colonialism is reminiscent of Indonesia's repression of East Timor, save that in 1999 the Indonesians allowed a referendum on independence to go forward -- and then unleashed its thugs when it became clear the vote was going the wrong way. There is every reason to believe that Morocco would commit similar atrocities rather than surrender the region.

        Commentaire


        • #5
          Envoyé par okba30
          there is a serious argument that, as a matter of national self-interest, Morocco needs to stop treating Western Sahara as a prison camp...... What is clear though, is that, on the one hand, the king won't permit a vote on independence, and, on the other, rubbing people's nose in the hopelessness of their own situation is an excellent way of encouraging rebellion. And with AQIM wandering around the Sahara, rebellions can be a lot more dangerous than they used to be.
          C'est ce que je pense aussi..... sans le savoir, le makhzen est en train d'encourager une rébellion.
          Vive le Polisario ! ....... Haba man haba, wa kariha man kariha

          Commentaire


          • #6
            Un résumé en arabe :

            قالت إن أوباما استقبله انطلاقا من كونه صديقا مخلصا وليس بلد فاعلا

            “فورين بوليسي”: “زيارة ملك المغرب إلى واشنطن، أسوأ أمر على الإطلاق”



            وصفت مجلة “فورين بوليسي” الأمريكية في عددها الأخير، زيارة العاهل المغربي محمد السادس إلى واشنطن، للاجتماع لأول مرة بالرئيس الأمريكي باراك أوباما، بالأمر الأسوأ على الإطلاق. وقالت أن حليف الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية التقليدي، والشريك الخفي لدولة اسرائيل، الذي يعتبر نفسه أمير المؤمنين، وسليل الرسول الكريم محمد صلّى الله عليه وسلم، يعامل شعبا برمّته كسجين في معتقل، والأمريكيون يتفرجون ولا يحرّكون ساكنا.
            وأضافت أن هذه الزيارة التي كثر اللغط والجدال من حولها ليست إلا مهرجان للمجاملة، لا أكثر ولا أقل، وأرجعت مغزاها إلى شعور المغاربة بقلة الودّ من لدن الادارة الأمريكية من جهة، ورغبة الرئيس أوباما في إظهار اهتمامه بأصدقائه المخلصين -وليس فحسب أولئك الفاعلون السيّئون من قبيل إيران- من جهة أخرى.
            واستدرك كاتب المقال “جيمس تروب” قائلا، أنه سيكون هنالك شبح في الحفل، أضناه الجوع، وأنهكه القهر هو الصحراء الغربية، تلك البقعة القاحلة من الصحراء، التي كانت في السابق مستعمرة اسبانية وتخلّى عنها الاسبان سنة 1975، والتي يطالب بها المغرب اليوم، ويعتبرها جزءا من أراضيه.
            كما تطرق “تروب” إلى سياسة المناورة والتآمر التي ينتهجها المغرب لكسب الوقت، والتنصل من الالتزامات والتعهدات التي قطعها أمام المجموعة الدولية بعد أن وضعت الحرب ما بين المملكة وجبهة البوليزاريو، (الممثل الشرعي والوحيد للشعب الصحراوي) أوزارها، ووقّع طرفا النزاع على خطة التسوية الأممية الإفريقية التي صادق عليها مجلس الأمن سنة 1991، بتنظيم استفتاء تقرير مصير الشعب الصحراوي، باعتباره الحل الديمقراطي الأمثل الذي ينسجم مع ميثاق وقرارات الأمم المتحدة، حيث لم تبد الحكومة المغربية يوما نيّة تنظيم هذا الاستفتاء، بل وذهبت إلى أبعد من ذلك، حين كلفت زبانيتها من ضباط الجيش المغربي، بتسليط سوط القمع والتعذيب على الشعب الصحراوي، لسبب واحد ووحيد هو تجرؤه على المطالبة بحقّه المشروع في الكرامة والحرية، وتصبح إدارة أوباما، إثر ذلك في حيرة من أمرها.
            وأضاف الكاتب، أن ما يربك في ملف الصحراء الغربية، لا يكمن في موضع العدالة وإنما في خصوصيات أخرى. فمن جهة، توجد قوانين دولية قاطعة، كمصادقة مجلس الأمن على خطة تنظيم استفتاء، وإنشاءه بهذا الشأن، بعثة للأمم المتحدة لتنظيم استفتاء في الصحراء الغربية (المينورصو) والسهر على تجسيده، وفي المقابل، نجد المغرب يضرب بكل هذه القوانين عرض الحائط، ويتعمد عرقلة المساعي الأممية لسنوات، بما في ذلك المخطط الثاني لجيمس بيكر، المبعوث الأممي الخاص للصحراء الغربية، لسنة 2003، الذي صادق عليه مجلس الأمن والذي أعطى المغرب فرصة أخرى لربح الاستفتاء، لكن المغرب واصل تعنّته، ورفض قطعا تنظيم استفتاء تقرير المصير، حتى وإن ترجحت كفّة المعطيات لصالحه.

            و.صويلح

            El-fadjr
            وإن هذه أمتكم أمة واحدة

            Commentaire


            • #7
              Ceci concerne les marocains du makhzen
              et le reste?
              les vendus, les acheteurs....toujour pas de réponse?

              Commentaire


              • #8
                Citation:
                'The Worst of the Worst'


                pour qui?
                les vendus, les acheteurs, les vendeurs ou les otages de tindouf?
                toujour pas de réponse?

                Commentaire


                • #9
                  Si tu ne comprends pas l'anglais, utilise Google pour traduire...... mais stp, évite nous tes questions de zoudj doro.
                  Vive le Polisario ! ....... Haba man haba, wa kariha man kariha

                  Commentaire


                  • #10
                    et le reste?
                    les vendus, les acheteurs....toujour pas de réponse?
                    Tu connais l'histoire de Timor , je vais te la raconter demain , si je le fais maintenant tu vas avoir des cauchemars cette nuit

                    Commentaire


                    • #11
                      Tu connais l'histoire de Timor , je vais te la raconter demain , si je le fais maintenant tu vas avoir des cauchemars cette nuit
                      non.
                      par contre je connais celle des blablateurs qui depensent leur argent pour s'acheter des articles anti marocains et ils n'ont aucun compte à rendre au algeriens.

                      Commentaire


                      • #12
                        si je le fais maintenant tu vas avoir des cauchemars cette nuit
                        pauvres de vous. vous devez faire plus, que de corrompres les corrompus, vous devez vaincre 35 millions de marocains.

                        Commentaire


                        • #13
                          par contre je connais celle des blablateurs qui depensent leur argent pour s'acheter des articles anti marocains et ils n'ont aucun compte à rendre au algeriens.
                          Si tu continues avec ta méchanceté , je la raconterai

                          Commentaire


                          • #14
                            A U.S. ally is treating a would-be nation as a prison camp -- and we're doing nothing about it
                            Le journaliste ne doit pas savoir que Tindouf est en Algerie, ou il a du confondre les check point de la DRS avec ceux des FAR. Les sahraouis enprisonnes dans les camps sont welcome, quand ils veulent, s'ils peuvent surtout!...

                            Commentaire


                            • #15
                              toujours pas de réponse?

                              pour qui?
                              les vendus, les acheteurs, les vendeurs ou les otages de tindouf?

                              Commentaire

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