La stratégie du choc : La montée d'un capitalisme du désastre

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C'est le titre d'un livre de Naomi Klein que je vais essayer d'acheter ce weekend. Si vous l'avez deja lu, vos impressions sont les bienvenues.

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Présentation de l'éditeur
LE POINT DE VUE DES ÉDITEURS. Qu'y a-t-il de commun entre le coup d'Etat de Pinochet au Chili en 1973, le massacre de la place Tiananmen en 1989, l'effondrement de l'Union soviétique, le naufrage de l'épopée Solidarnosc en Pologne, les difficultés rencontrées par Mandela dans l'Afrique du Sud post-apartheid, les attentats du 11 septembre, la guerre en Irak, le tsunami qui dévasta les côtes du Sri Lanka en 2004, le cyclone Katrina, l'année suivante, la pratique de la torture partout et en tous lieux - Abou Ghraïb ou Guantànamo - aujourd'hui ?. Tous ces moments de notre histoire récente, répond Naomi Klein, ont partie liée avec l'avènement d'un "capitalisme du désastre". Approfondissant la réflexion militante entamée avec son best-seller No Logo, Naomi Klein dénonce, dans La stratégie du choc, l'existence d'opérations concertées clans le but d'assurer la prise de contrôle de la planète par les tenants d'un ultralibéralisme tout-puissant. Ce dernier met sciemment à contribution crises et désastres pour substituer aux valeurs démocratiques, auxquelles les sociétés aspirent, la seule loi du marché et la barbarie de la spéculation. Remarquablement conduite et documentée, cette histoire secrète du libre marché, qui dessine une nouvelle éthique de l'investigation journalistique, s'affirme comme une lecture indispensable pour réévaluer les enjeux des temps présent et à venir, vis-à-vis desquels les citoyens du monde portent, ensemble, une responsabilité impossible à déléguer

Biographie de l'auteur
Journaliste, essayiste et réalisatrice, diplômée de la prestigieuse London School of Economics, Naomi Klein est l'auteur du best-seller international No Logo, traduit dans vingt-huit langues et devenu une référence incontournable dans le monde entier. Elle contribue régulièrement à la rubrique internationale de The Nation et The Guardian, et s'est rendue en Irak pour le magazine Harper's. En 2004, elle a réalisé un film documentaire. The Take, sur l'occupation des usines en Argentine, qu'elle a coproduit avec le réalisateur Avi Lewis

(c) Amazon.com

[BeeHive]

Une conference tres interessante de Naomi Klein expliquant la strategie du choc.

[BeeHive]

Avant d'acheter le livre, je voulais verifier les positions de l'auteur sur l'occupation isarealienne. Je l'aurais probablement acheter independament de ses coryaces sur le sujet vu la richesse du livre, mais apres avoir lu cette article d'elle, je l'acheterai de bon coeur.


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Want to End the Violence in Gaza? Boycott Israel.
By Naomi Klein, The Nation. Posted January 9, 2009.

To end the bloody occupation, Israel should become the target of the kind of global movement that put an end to South Africa's apartheid.

It's time. Long past time. The best strategy to end the increasingly bloody occupation is for Israel to become the target of the kind of global movement that put an end to apartheid in South Africa.

In July 2005 a huge coalition of Palestinian groups laid out plans to do just that. They called on "people of conscience all over the world to impose broad boycotts and implement divestment initiatives against Israel similar to those applied to South Africa in the apartheid era." The campaign Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions -- BDS for short -- was born.

Every day that Israel pounds Gaza brings more converts to the BDS cause, and talk of cease-fires is doing little to slow the momentum. Support is even emerging among Israeli Jews. In the midst of the assault roughly 500 Israelis, dozens of them well-known artists and scholars, sent a letter to foreign ambassadors stationed in Israel. It calls for "the adoption of immediate restrictive measures and sanctions" and draws a clear parallel with the antiapartheid struggle. "The boycott on South Africa was effective, but Israel is handled with kid gloves.… This international backing must stop."

Yet even in the face of these clear calls, many of us still can't go there. The reasons are complex, emotional and understandable. And they simply aren't good enough. Economic sanctions are the most effective tools in the nonviolent arsenal. Surrendering them verges on active complicity. Here are the top four objections to the BDS strategy, followed by counterarguments.

1. Punitive measures will alienate rather than persuade Israelis. The world has tried what used to be called "constructive engagement." It has failed utterly. Since 2006 Israel has been steadily escalating its criminality: expanding settlements, launching an outrageous war against Lebanon and imposing collective punishment on Gaza through the brutal blockade.

Despite this escalation, Israel has not faced punitive measures -- quite the opposite. The weapons and $3 billion in annual aid that the US sends to Israel is only the beginning. Throughout this key period, Israel has enjoyed a dramatic improvement in its diplomatic, cultural and trade relations with a variety of other allies. For instance, in 2007 Israel became the first non–Latin American country to sign a free-trade deal with Mercosur. In the first nine months of 2008, Israeli exports to Canada went up 45 percent. A new trade deal with the European Union is set to double Israel's exports of processed food. And on December 8, European ministers "upgraded" the EU-Israel Association Agreement, a reward long sought by Jerusalem.

It is in this context that Israeli leaders started their latest war: confident they would face no meaningful costs. It is remarkable that over seven days of wartime trading, the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange's flagship index actually went up 10.7 percent. When carrots don't work, sticks are needed.

2. Israel is not South Africa. Of course it isn't. The relevance of the South African model is that it proves that BDS tactics can be effective when weaker measures (protests, petitions, back-room lobbying) have failed. And there are indeed deeply distressing echoes of South African apartheid in the occupied territories: the color-coded IDs and travel permits, the bulldozed homes and forced displacement, the settler-only roads. Ronnie Kasrils, a prominent South African politician, said that the architecture of segregation that he saw in the West Bank and Gaza was "infinitely worse than apartheid." That was in 2007, before Israel began its full-scale war against the open-air prison that is Gaza.

3. Why single out Israel when the United States, Britain and other Western countries do the same things in Iraq and Afghanistan? Boycott is not a dogma; it is a tactic. The reason the BDS strategy should be tried against Israel is practical: in a country so small and trade-dependent, it could actually work.

4. Boycotts sever communication; we need more dialogue, not less. This one I'll answer with a personal story. For eight years, my books have been published in Israel by a commercial house called Babel. But when I published The Shock Doctrine, I wanted to respect the boycott. On the advice of BDS activists, including the wonderful writer John Berger, I contacted a small publisher called Andalus. Andalus is an activist press, deeply involved in the anti-occupation movement and the only Israeli publisher devoted exclusively to translating Arabic writing into Hebrew. We drafted a contract that guarantees that all proceeds go to Andalus's work, and none to me. In other words, I am boycotting the Israeli economy but not Israelis.

Coming up with our modest publishing plan required dozens of phone calls, e-mails and instant messages, stretching from Tel Aviv to Ramallah to Paris to Toronto to Gaza City. My point is this: as soon as you start implementing a boycott strategy, dialogue increases dramatically. And why wouldn't it? Building a movement requires endless communicating, as many in the antiapartheid struggle well recall. The argument that supporting boycotts will cut us off from one another is particularly specious given the array of cheap information technologies at our fingertips. We are drowning in ways to rant at one another across national boundaries. No boycott can stop us.

Just about now, many a proud Zionist is gearing up for major point-scoring: don't I know that many of those very high-tech toys come from Israeli research parks, world leaders in infotech? True enough, but not all of them. Several days into Israel's Gaza assault, Richard Ramsey, the managing director of a British telecom specializing in voice-over-internet services, sent an email to the Israeli tech firm MobileMax. "As a result of the Israeli government action in the last few days we will no longer be in a position to consider doing business with yourself or any other Israeli company."

Ramsey says that his decision wasn't political; he just didn't want to lose customers. "We can't afford to lose any of our clients," he explains, "so it was purely commercially defensive."

It was this kind of cold business calculation that led many companies to pull out of South Africa two decades ago. And it's precisely the kind of calculation that is our most realistic hope of bringing justice, so long denied, to Palestine.