Annonce

**absent** · 19 juillet 2010, 17h46

@slaveman

L'arabe est une langue léturgique et elle est enseigné même chez les Tatars mususlmans en Syberie.

Donc comparer entre l'arabe et le berber c'est comme comparer entre un ocean et une riviere.

PS: En arabe, juste le lion a presque 100 mot pour le decrire, comme Hamza, Oussama, ghadanfar, layth, sab3, assad, wahsh, ect.

**ETTARGUI** · 19 juillet 2010, 18h48

Amazighyanis

ETTARGUI, je voudrais te dire :
Citation:
c'est mieux que tu change ton pseudo nan ?parce que franchement, tu ne mérites pas de porter le nom de mon peuple ... Tu n'y fais vraiment pas honneur...

mais puisque, justement, tu fais partis de mon peuple, je ne le dit pas ( proprement ) mais je te demanderais juste : d'avant de soutenir tes précédents propos, va lire un peu ce qui se passe dans le sahara, et tous ses alentours.

Si pour toi les déterminants de "l'honneur" sont le dénigrement de l'autre, le déni de sa culture, le mensonge, eh bien je me fais un honneur de ne pas faire partie de ceux à qui tu appartiens. Quand à mon peuple, il n'est pas comme tu souhaites qu'il soit! Et tant pis si toi et ceux qui sont comme toi ne sont pas contents.
Lire ce qui se passe au Sahara ? Je n'ai pas besoin de lire cela dans les livres, je le vis...

Citation:
beaucoup d'Algériens se sentent culturellement plus proches des Arabes que des occidentaux... Et ils vivent au XXIe

J'approuve : néanmoins, ces gens sont, sans l'ombre d'un doute, analphabète ? croyant les imams de services, et le gouvernement corrompue...

Beaucoup sont plus intelligents, plus cultivés et plus pondérés que certains pseudo intellectuels qui hantent FA.

PS
Tu viens faire la leçon à quelqu'un qui a donné quelques pourcentages (Je crois que c'est ELFE), toi qui parle de "majorité des algériens" sans aucune référence ?
Je pourrais discuter avec toi quand tu te seras armé de savoir, quand tu auras appris à argumenter de façon objective ce que tu avances... Pour le moment je n'ai ni le temps ni l'envie de gaspiller mon énérgie.

**ETTARGUI** · 19 juillet 2010, 19h35

Dénigrement de l'autre ? ... je n,ai jamais dit çà, et la majorité des berbères ne le font pas.
Le mensonge : Quel mensonge ? Le fait qu'un Algérien ne se sent pas vraiment arabe ? ... mtss je ne sais pas si c'est la chaleur du Sahara qui te fait dire çà, mais le jour : je t'invite à faire un petit tour à Alger... tu comprendras beaucoup de choses sur l'algérien ...

Le mensonge c'est quand tu dis que la majorité des Algériens se sentent plus proches de la culture européenne que de la culture orientale. Ce qui est faux, bien entendu!
Moi je t'invite à faire un tour au Sahara pour purifier ton cerveau pollué par les discours vides qu'échangent beaucoup de jeunes algérois en faisant le pied de grue devant les immeubles (Au fait, à Alger j'ai un appartement dans un beau quartier que je n'utilise que lors de mes courts séjours dans cette ville).

Citation:
je me fais un honneur de ne pas faire partie de ceux à qui tu appartiens

D'un père kabyle, d'une mère Touareg, je suis un berbere 'hourr' , et je ne veux pas t'obliger à partager mon opinion pour l'identifié comme l'un de mes semblables, et je ne te renierai pas même si ton opinion s'oppose à la mienne. Au-faite le nom de 'notre' peuple ( homme libre ) veut tout dire

Maintenant, mon ami, si tu t'es convertis à l'arabité... ahh cela est une toute autre histoire même si çà reste ton choix, mais c'est là, et seulement là, que je ne te considèrerai plus comme l'un des miens...

Si tu es de mère Targuia*, ce dont je doute, elle doit sûrement t'avoir transmis au moins une partie des valeurs de ce peuple... mais à lire tes inépties, je doute fortement.

*Qui a menti mentira! C'est pour cette raison que je doute de l'appartenance de ta mère aux Touaregs... Si elle est du Hoggar, je dois connaitre sa famille... je te défie de donner quelques indices sur son appartenance (par MP si tu veux)... chiche !

**ETTARGUI** · 19 juillet 2010, 20h06

Amazighyaniss
Si tu as moins de 18 ans, Maintenant je vais te parler sur un autre ton.
D'abord tu commences par demander des excuses de t'être adressé à quelqu'un qui pourrait avoir l'âge de ton père, sur un ton qui ne convient pas à ses cheveux blancs...

Ensuite, tu sais quoi ? Je retire tout ce que je t'ai dit dans mes posts ...

Tertio : je maintiens mon conseil : évades-toi d'Alger de temps à autre; c'est un lieu malsain pour les jeunes de ton âge. Vas purifier ton âme et ta raison au pays de ta mère.

**absent** · 19 juillet 2010, 20h22

Salut Ettargui,

Ce fameux Yanis habite à Montréal, une ville où les premiers colons blancs ont mis leur pieds pour envahir les amérindiens pacifiques puis il vient nous nous cracher sa vermine ici.

Il n'a rien à reprocher au Tawareg, lui qui defend le sionisme.

**ETTARGUI** · 19 juillet 2010, 20h26

Je crois qu'il a eu pour son compte aujourd'hui !
Allah yâafih . Il est pathologiquement mytho.

**ETTARGUI** · 19 juillet 2010, 20h28

j'aimerai bien savoir pourquoi...

Ils sont interdits aux moins de 18 ans...

**absent** · 19 juillet 2010, 20h41

Je crois qu'il a eu pour son compte aujourd'hui !
Allah yâafih . Il est pathologiquement mytho.

Wach thab,

Dans la ville où il habite maintenant il n'ya plus d'amérindiens, le reste vit dans des réserves un peu dans le nord où le SIDA ,la drogue et le suicide sont le quotidien pour bcp d'amérindiens. Les deux langues officielles du Canada sont l'anglais et le français mais aucune langue amérindienne.

Un Yanis qui habite à Montréal veut nous donner des leçon, nous qui sommes en Algérie, un pays dont les deux langues officielles sont l'arabe et le tamazight.

Des gens comme Yanis sont les éternellement ingrats. Pire encore, dans un de ses postes, il parle de prendre les armes pour massacrer les Algériens qui sont anti MAK.

**humanbyrace** · 19 juillet 2010, 20h51

Il n'ya pas de langue superieure ou inferieure et il n'ya pas de mal a emprunter des mots comme il n'ya pas de langue "pure".
Toutes les langues du monde descendent d'une proto langue commune.
L'Arabe a pris beuacoup de mots depuis le Persan, Grec et Arameen.
La diversite linguistique et la symbiose entre les langues et cultures doivent etre une source de richesse non de discorde.
"zr" est une racine arabe,berbere commune qui siginifie voire, et il ya des milliers d'autres
J'ai pu collecte quelques racines linguistiques communes de divers langues et poste dans un forum anglophone d'anthropologie.
Example:

I dont know from where to begin.
Some 2,5 years ago, I noted that some Arabic words look similar to some French, Italian, Spanish and English words
Arabic/ie language
men/manne
hala/ hola helo
kasara/ casser
ardh/earth
sahr/soir
ta/tu
me/ mai
bur/ble barley
sebat/sept
sitta/six
I was not aware of comparative linguistic nor linguistic proper.
When I posted those words in some Arabic, French and Turkish forums, the members laughed at me saying that Arabic is a Semitic language not Indo-European and that those words were brrowed from French, Spanish, English etc... after the European taking of Arab countries.
I was not able to rewrite convincing answers to them since I was very ignorant but my idea was: since all humans came from a single African man, logically their languages should be descend from that first primal language, as for the loans I noted that some of those words were present in the quran so they could no be borrowed from European languages due to the European taking of Arabic speaking countries.

But from that day, "many waters flowed under the bridge" and I begin reading linguistic books that I loaned from the university bibliotheque and books I bought from book store+free linguistic papers on the web.
I discovered that those words and many other had cognates in semitic sister languages and afro-asiatic "cousin" languages of Arabic and I begun to discover the passionating field of comparative linguistic and nostratic (afarsoropic since nostratic is an exlcuding non geographical appelation-semitic too should be replaced with names such as araboabyssinic...)
There are some very good books that I read:
Black Athena of Martin Bernal (especially the 3 rd volume)
Nostratic Dictionnary of Aharon Dolgopolsky
Various books of the Iraqi linguist 3alim SSabitt Nili
Indo-Europeans and Indo-European languages of Gamkrelidze&Ivanov
(there are other books that I could'nt found in bookstores nor in Amazone, especially the works of Möller and Brunner)

Here 14 points that I wrote on the Indo-European proto stems (all in all there are some 458 proto indo-european roots that can be found in wiktionnary http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Append...European_roots ) rephrasing ideas written by Bernal and Gamkrelidze&Ivanov.
About the 458 supposed proto indo-european roots:
1/How could be same roots have such different meanings(for example exist 4 "pel" first "pel"=flour,second "pel"=gray,third "pel"=skin,fourth "pel"=flat)?
2/How could be synonims exist with different roots(such as skin which has at least 3 listed different proto ie roots)?
3/Many semantic shifts are broad.
4/Many sound shifts look very unlikely.
5/Many supposed proto ie roots are anachronist(door,bourgh,fort...)and could not exist in the language of steppe hordes of the late neolithic.(according to the pontic model)
6/Many supposed proto ie roots are Afro-Asiatic loans(star,three,sun,six,seven,eight,home,tree,fie ld,pilaku,barley,field,snow,door,corn,dher,goat,bu ck,cow,bee,honey..... )[see Gamkrelidze&Ivanov]
7/Some other roots are loans from Kartvelian,NW Caucasian,NE Caucasian[see Gamkrelidze&Ivanov]& some listed proto ie roots could be pre Indo-European languages of Europe(Vasconic,Pictish,Tartessian,Pelasgian).
8/Many supposed proto ie roots are shared eurasiatic and nostratic roots.
9/Many supoosed proto ie roots are supported by examples of very few Indo-European branches and sometimes by only 1 ie branche,or from only 1-2 branch with very unbelievable sound changes forgetting the innovation,loans and chance propabilities.
As an exemple,the supposed pie *h₂éǵʰ-r root has only 2 given examples both in the same Indo-Iranian branch(Avestan and Sanskrit)
h₂éǵʰ-r/n̥- day Skr. अहर् (ahar), Av. azan
10/The sound change du=>er in the Armenian erku=2,if included will make many languages Indo-European,for example proto Semitic thnay(2)is by far closer to proto Indo-European *two(2)than the Indo-European Armenian erku(2)is.
11/A great number of proto indo-european roots are somehow impossibly proununciable as
dngh2wleis=tongue whereas for example semitic roots are not only easily proununciable but in the same time are real and existing words with afro-asiatic etymology and similar derivative words that contain the same consonants which is not the case for the hypothetical proto indo-european roots(and not words).
12/Very often semitic roots are closer to proto indo-european than some indo-european languages do.
13/Very often semitic roots are closer to some indo-european counterparts than proto ie do for example proto semitic "lis" (tongue)is closer to Armenian "lezu" and Baltic "lesvis" than proto ie "dngh2weis" do.
14/Whereas very often indo-european did not offer an interne etymological explanation of the proto indo-european roots,Afro-Asiatic do.

**humanbyrace** · 19 juillet 2010, 20h52

Semitic Akkadian lashu (to lick) is closer to ie French lecher than is(According to Militarev proto Semitic lus=tourner morceau de nourriture dans la bouche) and Semitic Arabic lisan (tongue)+ttar (to fly) is closer to Armenian lezu (tongue) and tir (to fly) than pie roots (respectively *denghw[tongue] and *pet)

Proto Semitic salg (snow) is close to pie seng (snow) and in the same time the ps root "salg" is connected with defined pradigmas with roots such as "zalq" (to slide) which can be used to explain English "to sleigh".
زل(zal)
glissade , glide , slip , trip
زلج(zalag/zaladj)
glissade , skid , glide , slithery , sleigh
زلق(zalak/zalaq)
glide , glissade , ice-skate , slip , ski , skate , skid , slither , slide
تَزَحْلَقَ([ta]zah1laq)
glissade , skidding , slither , sledge , slip , slide , sled , ski , sleigh , skid , bobsled , ice-skate , glide , gliding , skate
تَزَلَّجَ([ta]zalladj/zalag)
slip , slide , skidding , skate , skid , sled , slither , sledge , ski , bobsledding , ice-skate , glissade , glide , sleigh , trip
جَلَّدَ(galada/djalada)
solidify , be or become iced , ice up , freeze , glaciate , frost , coagulate , congeal , ice
As you see we have also this possible ps/pie cognate seen in Arabic zalag/English sleigh and maybe also Arabic galad(ice)/English cold.
(According to etymonline.com
proto ie root of English slide (as sleigh from sledge which in its turn is from slide)
*(s)lei- "slide")

Arabic saffar (to whistle, French siffler)=>asfur (sparrow) hebrew sippor etc...
Akkadian parahte (bird) and Persian parande (bird)
Arabic quss (sternum bone) and pie kost (bone)
etc....

Proto Afro-Asiatic gwal (round, circle) as Amharic gwilela (rond) Hebrew agol (wheel) galgal (cart) Arabic gulla (ball) agal (wheel) karkar (cart) Akkadian girgir (cart), Haussa gululu (ball) Berber gallala (rond) and pie keklo (cart) and kwer (cricle)...

Proto Afro-Asiatic for to know is kyn (this form is preserved without much alteration at least in Semitic *yqn and Tchadic kyana)
Proto ie for to know is gneh: (Hittite kanes is very distinct from Latvian zinat)
ǵneH₃- to know OCS знати (znati), Russ. знать (znat'), Polish znać, Lith. žinóti, Ltv. zināt, OPruss. posinnāts, Skr. जानाति (jānāti), Kashmiri zānun, Av. paitizānənti, OPers. xšnāsātiy, Osset. zon, Goth. kunnan; kannjan, Gm. kunnan/können; irchennan/kennen, ON kunna; kenna, Eng. cnāwan/know, Toch. knān/nān, OIr. gnáth; gnás; itar-gninim, Welsh gnawd; (g)naws, Umb. naratu, Lat. (g)noscō, Gk. γιγνώσκω (gignōskō), Alb. njeh, Hitt. kanes, Arm. ծանոթ (çanot')

Constructed Proto Indo-European for to fly (constructed and not reconstructed as we can never know what was the correct and attested proto indo-european root for to fly since pie-as well as proto afro-asaitic-is pre historical 8000-6000 bc) is pet , please note how distinct are the reflexes in the indo-european languages and how Armenian reflex t'ir is closer to proto Semitic ttr than to proto indo-european pet (Irish is ette/en and Armenian t'rcel/t'ir...)
*pet- to fly Eng. feþer/feather, Gm. fedara/Feder, ON fjǫðr, Lat. peto; penna; accipiter, Skr. पतति (pátati), Hitt. pattar, Gk. πτερόν; πίπτω; πέτομαι (petomai); ōkupétēs, Welsh eterin, Pers. udapatatā/, Arm. թռչել (t'ṙčel); թիռ (t'iṙ), Ir. ette/; én/, Welsh edn, Av. pataiti, Ltv. pētīt, Alb. shpendë

Those are some examples, in books such as nostratic dictionnary of Dolgopolsky we can find near 3000 nostratic roots, it's available freely on the website of Cambridge University, please see below
http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/bitstrea...9/00ND_ALL.pdf

Finally, the linguist Carleton Hodge coined the term lislakh (lis= tongue in proto Afro-Asiatic with similar form in Indo-European languages and lakh=folk in proto Afro-Asiatic with similar form Indo-European) as a sub-phylum of Nostratic which group Afro-Asiatic and Indo-European together.
It should be noted that proto indo-european in itself is a hypothetical non attested language, some linguists try to construct hypothetical roots for proto indo-european without convincing results since there is no regular sound laws inside indo-european.

The low number of constructed proto indo-european roots (458 ones, with many of them controversial and possible loans) , the lack of regular sound changes and the lack of indo-european intrinsic pradigmas to explain the connection between the constructed hypothetical proto indo-european roots and their meanings (please see the 14 points in the first post) are indices that the proto indo-european language was in reality a creolised lingua franca amongst the various folks of the "state" of vinca culture in the Balkans.

For example, Armenian "lezu" Bato-Slavic "leziw" for "tongue" are closer to proto afro-asiatic "lis" than to proto indo-european "denghwa" but in the same time "denghwa" and its germanic reflex "tuggo" are close and connected with another word for tongue in afro-asiatic "dak", attested in Tchadic "daak" (tongue) and also in Semitic "daq" (to taste)[taste papillas are located on the tongue,Arabic is dhaq, dh as in English "then" and Greek delta].

Also proto Afro-Asiatic for "to know" is "kian" (Semitic ykn[Arabic kunya, kinaya,yaqana,yaqin,waqana..] , West Chadic kinn, Central Chadic konya, Beja kan, Central Kushitic kint, East Kushitic ken), you can note that the Afro-Asiati reflexes are rather stable, but again the indo-european reflexes of this shared lislakh root are very divers=>a sign of substrat/adstrat/superstrat/lingua franca/creolisation... as you can note here below:
Proto ie for to know is gneh: (Hittite kanes is very distinct from Latvian zinat)
ǵneH₃- to know OCS знати (znati), Russ. знать (znat'), Polish znać, Lith. žinóti, Ltv. zināt, OPruss. posinnāts, Skr. जानाति (jānāti), Kashmiri zānun, Av. paitizānənti, OPers. xšnāsātiy, Osset. zon, Goth. kunnan; kannjan, Gm. kunnan/können; irchennan/kennen, ON kunna; kenna, Eng. cnāwan/know, Toch. knān/nān, OIr. gnáth; gnás; itar-gninim, Welsh gnawd; (g)naws, Umb. naratu, Lat. (g)noscō, Gk. γιγνώσκω (gignōskō), Alb. njeh, Hitt. kanes, Arm. ծանոթ (çanot')

This internal pradigma that connects similar roots (which have already meanings in the daughter languages) with similar meanings is somehow lacking in indo-european languages as well as constructed proto indo-european (=>lexicologic language) but is still strongly conserved in proto afro-asiatic and some of its daughter branches.

We have such words in Arabic:
kom=sleeve
kim=calyx
kamasha=to catch
kam=how much (note that Arabs twist their hands when saying "how much")
kamsha=a handful
khamsa=paw,5
khamasha=to scratch
khabasha=to scratch
khadasha=to scratch
(The b<=>m sound change is very common in Arabic as in the double name of Mecca/Becca)
So a possible etymology of English hand is the lislakh root kam?
There is also Arabic kamada=to medicate people by dressing the wound
kabasa(remember the b<=>m sound change)=to press, to make a pressure

Not only, lick, according to linguist Linnus Brunner there are some 800 proto Afro-Asiatic/proto Indo-European cognates.
For example French venire (which came from pie *gwem) and Arabic qawam (whic came from paa *kam).
For example French est,suis (etre) came from pie *hes (to be) and Arabic ays from paa yes (to be).
For the semantic field of *lk we , I think that Arabic words such as:
la'tham=to haw,to falter,to fumble
latha=gingiva gum
lakluka=masticated sweet
'ilka=masticatory,chewing gum
lakaka=to stumble, to stutter
lathgha=to lisp
lagha=to speak
lugha=language
laghat=tonsilla
lasa, ladagh,laqah etc ...
Please note that Arabic "th" is identical to Greek theta (as in English thin) and not "th" and Arabic "gh" is identical to greek gamma and not "g".
Are also connected
To have an idea, I recommand you to read the 3 volume of Bernal's black Athena and/or Dolgopolsky's nostratic dictionnary (it's free, could be found in cambridge website)

You can found the cognates present here in the sentence in many linguistic books and some of them are freely found in tower of babel site.
1/mat/mort
http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/res...set&first=1741
Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *mawVt-
Meaning: die
Semitic: *mw/yt 'die'
Berber: *immut 'die'
Egyptian: mwt 'die'
Western Chadic: *mawut- 'die'
Central Chadic: *mVtV- 'die'
East Chadic: *mawut- 'die'
Low East Cushitic: *mVwVt- 'die' 1, 'death' 2, 'become very weak and close to death' 3, 'mourning' 4

http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/res...iet&first=1781
Proto-IE: *mer-
Nostratic etymology:
Meaning: to die
Hittite: mer- (mir-) (I) 'verschwinden, verlorengehen, absterben' (Friedrich 141)
Old Indian: márate, mriyáte, ptc. mr̥tá- `to die'; mr̥tá- n. `death'; a-mŕ̥ta-`immortal'; maŕta- m. `a mortal, man'; mr̥ti- f., mr̥tyú- m. `death'; mara-, māra- m. `death, pestilence'
Avestan: miryeite `stirbt', mǝrǝta- `gestorben, tot', amǝša- `unsterblich', marǝta-, marǝtan- `Sterblicher, Mensch', mǝrǝɵyu- `Tod', mǝša- `tot'
Other Iranian: OPers amariyata `er starb'
Armenian: mard `Mensch'; ma(r)h `Tod'; merranim `sterbe', an-mer `unsterblich'
Old Greek: brotó- `sterblich', á-mbroto- `unsterblich', brotó-s m., f. `Mensch'
Slavic: *mьrtvъ(jь); *sъ-mьrtь, *morъ; *morī́tī; *mertī, *mьrǭ
Baltic: *mir̃- (mir̂-št-a-) vb. intr., *mer̂d-ē̂- (1?) vb. caus., *mer-ē̂- vb., *mer-ia- c.; *mir̃-t-i- (*1) c.
Germanic: *múr-ɵ-a- n.; *múr-ɵr-a- n., *múr-ɵr-ia- vb.
Latin: morior, morī, mortuus sum, moritūrus `sterben'; mors, -tis f. `Tod; Erlöschen'; mortuus, -a `tot'
Celtic: *marwo- > OIr marb; Cymr marw
Russ. meaning: умирать

**humanbyrace** · 19 juillet 2010, 20h53

Okkuz is Berber for 3, connecting it to pie okto is only possible with a 5+3=8 logic.
Linguists also connect Kartvelian 4 otxo with pie 8 with a 4*2=8 logic
proto Afrasian sb (index finger ie 7th finger) gave birth to Arabic sabbaba (index finger) and tasbih.
In Islamic prayer(sala), during the Abrahamic "sub-prayer" when muslims says "subhan" they protrude their "sabbaba" ie index finger.
Bomhard sees that the fact that words for 7 and star are common amongst proto afro-asiatic and proto indo-european suggest that 7 and star had some religious symbolism amongst those ancient folks.
The pie word for 9 "became" *newn wich is very identical with pie for new (in French 9 and new has the same word) after the tabbooing of the original word for 9 to protect the children against the evil eye in times characterised by high rates of newborn deaths.
Here the Etymology of the north Afrasianic numerlas (the south Afrasianic numerals had afrasanic etymology but differs from the north afrasianic ones, in indo-european too there are different forms of the numerals from a branch to another especially between Anatolian and Indo-European proper)
Proto Semitic(after deleting the suffixes):
1 Had (lone)
2 tn (twin)
3 th (tripler)
4 rb (season)
5 Hams (paw, connected with south Afrasianic ie Kushomotic and Tchadic kam=to hold and perhaps with proto germanic kant=hand), note that proto Semitic word for fist *kap [the same kappa of the Canaanite-Greek alphabet] is connected by metathesis to pie 5 *penkwe and same for the Berber *fus (by satemization/centumisation)
6 sis ( front finger)
7 sb (index finger)
8 tmn (2 of[10])??
9 tisa (10-1)??
10 (t)as (2 hands, to take in one's arm)
Proto Berber and proto Egyptian are very similar to Semitic ones (except 2-3 numbers of each branch that however have Afrasianic etymologies)

To retrun back to the initial text you can search those lislakh cognates, here one for example:
Arabic laHas (to lick), is connected with south Afrasianic (kushomotic+tchadic) las/lak/dak (tongue) and perhaps with such Indo-European reflexes as Slavic lezw and Armenian lezu and the Tchadic form "dak" with proto Indo-European dengw (tongue), is also connected of course with English "to lick".
Here the etymology of "to lick" according to etymonline

Quote:
O.E. liccian "to lick," from P.Gmc. *likkon (cf. Du. likken, Ger. lecken, Goth. bi-laigon), from PIE imitative base *leigh- (cf. Skt. ledhi "he licks," Arm. lizum "I lick," Gk. leikhein "to lick," L. lingere "to lick," O.Ir. ligim "I lick," Welsh llwy "spoon"). Fr. lecher is a Germanic loan word. Sense of "a blow, stroke" first recorded 1670s from verb sense of "to beat," first attested 1535, which may be from its use in the Coverdale bible that year in sense of "defeat, annihilate" (an enemy's forces) in Num. xxii.4:
Now shal this heape licke up all that is about vs, euen as an oxe licketh vp the grasse in the field.
But to lick (of) the whip "taste punishment" is attested from c.1460. Lickspittle "sycophant" is attested from 1825. To lick (someone or something) into shape (1612) is in reference to the supposed ways of bears:
Beres ben brought forthe al fowle and transformyd and after that by lyckyng of the fader and the moder they ben brought in to theyr kyndely shap. ["The Pylgremage of the Sowle," 1413]
We have also Arabic la'aq (to lick).

There also reflexes of sis (6) sb (7) ad (1) in languages such as Hurrian, Etruscan, Basque...
The proto Turkic for seven is setti it evolved to ancient (non Ogurochuvashic) Turkic jetti then to modern Turkic yetti and it's yedi in Anatolian Turkish.

Here Basque numerals
1bat 2bi 3hiru 4lau 5bost 6sei 7zazpi 8zortzi 9bederatzi 10hamar
Hurrian ones
-- 2shin 3kig 4tumni -- -- 7shindia -- 9nizhi 10eman (the other numbers are not attested due to the writing of numbers in unreadable "cuneiform of numbers")
Etruscan numbers
thu(n) 2zal 3ci 4huth 5mach 6sa 7semph 8cezp 9enva? 10zar
Finnish numbers
1yksi 2kaksi 3kolme 4neljä 5viisi 6kuusi 7seitsemän 8kahdeksan 9yhdeksän 10kymmenen
Kartvelian numbers (Georgian)
1erti 2ori 3sami 4otxi 5xuti 6ekvsi 7shvidi 8rva 9cxra 10ati
Ugric numbers (Mansi)
1akva 2katIg 3khurum 4nila 5at 6khot 7sat 8n'ololov 9ontolov 10lov
Chuvash numbers
1pêr 2ik 3vis' 4tâvat 5pilêk 6ult 7s'ich 8sakâr 9tâkhâr 10vun

**humanbyrace** · 19 juillet 2010, 20h54

It's now clear that Proto Afrasanic homeland is in the middle east (perhaps connected with the Natufian culture).

Afrasanic is mainly divided (for common lexicogrammatical clusters) to 2 branches:
1/Semitegyptolibyc
2/Kushomotchadic

Today'sThe Afrasianic expansion looks like a result of a demic migration (for the Semitogyptlibyc languages) and an "invasion" (for the Kushmotchadic languages) since the SEL sepaking groups show a rather Middleastern chracter for the autosomal DNA+Y DNA+mt DNA while the KOT speaking groups show a "mixed" Middleastern-African (Y DNA [E,J,R1b] being rather Middleastern and autosomal DNA+mt DNA being rather African).
That's why the KOT group is so diverse (besides the fact that KOT in Africa are the results of earlier Middleastern human waves than the SEL group, see Bomhard) and it explains the presence in KOT languages of Caucasic (proto Hurrohattic loanwords).

Here some common KOT cognates:
1/one:
K=toko
T=dok
(interestingly we have Turkic "tek" and Iranic "yek" and other world cognates=>this root is present also in Ruhlen's proto word etymologies)
There is also a theory of the linguist Bender that mjor Eurasian languages descend from a "Macro Kushitic Phylum"

2/four:
K=afar
T=fudu
(reminds some indo-european forms)

3/thousand:
K=kuma
O=kuma
T=kumu
(reminds indo-european kun[dred])

4/ear:
K=kamte
O=k'ami
T=kumo
Semitic=sam (to hear)
Turkic=kul(ak)
Uralic=kol
Indo-European=keu (to hear)

5/tongue:
K=laaq
T=daaq
Semtic=lank (palate)
Semitic=lao'q (to lick)
Indo-European=leigh (to lick)
Indo-European=dengh (tongue)
Turkic yalaka("licker" could be a loan from Arabic yalaqa=he licks)

6/skin:
O=faata
T=faataa
Indo-European=pella

7/liver:
K=afale
T=faren
Indo-European=yekwr (but Greek hepar)

8/world:
K=terig
T=tira
Semitic=tara
Indo-European=ters (to dry land) gave birth to terra, terrain...

9/mountain:
K=guubo
O=gubbo
T=guba
Semitic=gab/gabal
Iranic=kuh
Indo-European=berg (berg could be connected to gabal through metathesis)

10/name:
K=sim
O=sumsa
T=sam
Semitic=sim

11/cow:
K=lawi
T=la
Semitic=lu
Berber=law

12/bull:
K=kol
O=kolmo
T=kwel
Egyptian=kml

13/calf:
K=gar
O=galo
T=gaal
Semitic=gl
Egyptian=gol
Berber=awl
Indo-European=gwou (cow), gelb(calf)

14/cattle, sheeps:
K=baga
O=bago
T=bugure
Semitic=bagar
Berber=begug
Indo-European=bhugo (male deer)

15/small ruminant:
K=aray
O=aare
T=ore
Semitic=araz
Berber=are

16/castrated small ruminant:
O=mara
T=maar
Semitic=hamal
Berber=zamar

17/donkey:
O=dekhwara
K=dakway
T=koro
Iranic=khar

18/dog:
O=kana
K=kuta
T=kede
Semitic=kalb
Berber=kelbun
Indo-European=kwon

**absent** · 19 juillet 2010, 20h56

Posté par yanisamazigh
Continuez comme-çà jusqu'au jour ou ces 'hommes libres' prendront enfin les armes, et reprendront leurs terres par la force... Ne t'inquiète pas

Tu parles de qui la? Who VS who?

Ou bien le mensonge fait partie de ta culture?

**absent** · 19 juillet 2010, 21h24

les terroristes-islamistes et arabo-baatiste

Et que dis-tu des berberes islamistes?

J'ai cherché à wiki le mot bathist et ils parlent de deux pays Bathiste l'Irak et la Syrie et l'Irak n'est plus bathiste. En plus c'était un mouvement laic! et to tu parles d'Islamist-bathiste???

Mais ils parlent pas de l'Algérie. Je ne sais pas d'ou tu as pris cette information ou bien juste une partie de ta stratégie mensongière?

Dans des régions comme Oran, la plupart se sentent arabe. Tu es aussi pret à les massacrer terroristeyanis?et meme la capitale Alger? Tu dois massacrer tout le monde donc? C'est le nouveau terrorisme? What a looser! Tu rêves debout encore

PS: Ici à Bgeyet, il est 8h30? normalent à Montréal il doit etre 2h30, tu fais rien? Ou bien t trop excité par le BES?

**naw08** · 20 juillet 2010, 22h18

salam

bourguinion/

Il n'y a pas qu'une dardja algerienne, elle peut varier pas mal en fonction des regions et je parle pas seulement au niveau de l'accent mais des mots .. il suffit de voir le dialecte de jijel

d'ach e'ddi biha el-hadra di jijel, ma ka t3ajbekch

-------------------------------------
je pense que le mot "oualou" rien, a pour origine la phrase arabe "ouala chey" ou "oualaw chaye" qui ségnifie " rien du tout!!

Annonce

les langues en Algerie...

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